![]() This can be explained by the delamination of Na+-Sm in which layer–layer contacts remain despite a large WC. The EC of Na+-saturated materials started to increase at larger water contents (> 80%) compared to Ca2 +/Mg2 +-dominated samples (< 80%). For the first time WC–EC curves of a significant set of bentonites were compared which revealed that two different types (shapes) of WC–EC curves exist which can be attributed to the type of interlayer cation. ![]() Results shown in the present study suggest that electrical properties of bentonites have to be compared considering the water content (ideally measuring WC–EC curves) or, even better, comparing the WC–EC curve slopes after decreasing the WC. Comparing single EC values for different samples is not sufficient because of the effect of different water contents (WC). The aim of this study, therefore, was to examine the EC of 40 samples, which were mostly well-characterized bentonites, and systematically investigate the reason for the different EC. Despite the use of advanced models to calculate dispersed media electrical properties, reported differences in bentonite (Ben) and smectite (Sm) electrical conductivities (EC) can rarely be explained. ![]() Clay electrical properties are known to depend on cation exchange capacity (CEC) and the swelling clay minerals have the highest CEC. ![]()
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